Unit 9-12 (video)

UNIT 1-8

UNIT 1 (PSYCHOLOGY AT A GLANCE)

UNIT 2 (SINGMUND FREUD (1856-1939))

UNIT 3 (THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES)

UNIT 4 (ON BEING SHY)

UNIT 5 (Childhood Depression)

UNIT 6 (CONVERSATION IN GROUP)

UNIT 7 (THE FAMILY AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT)

UNIT 8 (THE PASSIVE)

Unit 8 (The Passive)

EXERCISE 1: Change the active to the passive by supplying the correct from of be.

1. Tom opens the door. - The door is opened by Tom.
2. Tom is opening the door. - The door is being opened by Tom.
3. Tom has opened the door. - The door has been opened by Tom.
4. Tom opened the door. - The door was opened by Tom.
5. Tom was opening the door. - The door was being opened by Tom.
6. Tom had opened the door. - The door had been opened by Tom.
7. Tom will open the door. - The door will be opened by Tom.
8. Tom is going to open the door. - The door is going to be opened by Tom.
9. Tom will have opened the door. - The door will have been opened by Tom.

EXERCISE 2: Change the active to the passive.

1. Shakespeare wrote the play. - That play was written by shakespeare.
2. Bill will invite Ann to the party. - Ann will be invited to the party by bill.
3. Alex is preparing that report. - That report is being prepared by Alex.
4. Waitresses and waiters serve customers. - Customers are served by waiters.
5. The teacher is going to explain the lesson. - The lesson is going to be explained by the teacher.
6. Shirley has suggested a new idea. - A new idea has been suggested by shirley.
7. Two horses were pulling the farmer's wagon. - The farmer's wagon was being pulled by two horses.
8. Kathy had returned the book the library. - The book had been returned by kathy.
9. By this time tomorrow, the president will have the announcement. - By this time tomorrow, the announcement will have been by the president.
10. I didn't write that note. Jim wrote it. - That note was written by Jim not me.
11. Alice didn't make that pie. Did Mrs. French make it? The pie wasn't make by Alice. Did Mrs. French make it?
12. Does Prof. Jackson teach that course? I know that Prof. Adams doesn't teach it. - Does that course dont taught by Prof. Jackson? I know that course don't taught by Prof. Adams.
13. Mr. Andrews hasn't signed those papers yet. Has Mr. Andrews signed them yet? - Those papers hasn't been yet by Mr. Andrews.
14. Is Mr. Brown painting your house? - Is your house being painted by Mr. Brown.
15. His tricks won't fool me. - I will not be fooled by his tricks. 

EXERCISE 3: Change the active to passive if possible. Some verbs are intransitive and cannot be changed.

1. A strange thing happened yesterday. (no change)
2. Jackie scored the winning goal. - The winning goal was scored by Jackie.
3. My cat died. (no change)
4. I agree with Dr. Ikeda's theory. (no change)
5. Dr. Ikeda developed that theory. - That theory was development by Dr. Ikeda.
6. Timmy dropped the cup. - The cup was dropped by Timmy.
7. The cup fell to the floor. (no change)
8. The assistant manager interviewed me. - I was interviewed by the assistant manager.
9. It rained hard yesterday. (no change)
10. A hurricane destroyed the small fishing village. - The small fishing village was destroyed by hurricane.
11. Dinosaurs existed millions of year a go. (no change)
12. A large vase stands in the corner of our front hallway. (no change)
13. The Children seemed happy when they went to the zoo. (no change)
14. After class, one of the student always erases the chalkboard. - After class, the chalkboard always is erased by one of the student.
15. The solution to my problem speared to me in a dream. (no change) 

EXERCISE 4: Why is the use of the passive appropriate in the following sentences? what would be the active equivalents of the passive sentences?

1. My sweater was made in England. - Someone made my sweater in England.
2. The new highway will be completed sometime next month. - The industry will complete the new highway sometime next month.
3. Language skill are taught in every school in the country. - The teacher teach language skill in every school in the country.
4. Beethoven's Seventh Symphony was performed at the concert last night. - My teacher performed Beethoven's Seventh Symphony at the concert last night.
5. The world cup soccer games are being televised allover the world. - Some station television are televising the world cup soccer games allover the world.
6. This composition was written by Ali. That one was written by Yoko. - Ali wrote this compotition. Yoko wrote that one.
7. The Washington Monument is visited by hundreds of people every day. Hundreds of people visit the Washington monument every day.
8. The chief writing material of ancient times was papyrus. It was used in Egypt, Greece, and other Mediterranean lands. - The chief writing material of ancient times was papyrus. Some people used it in Egypt, Greece, and other Mediteranean lands.
9. Parchment, another writing material that was widely used in ancient times, was made from the skin of animals such as sheep and goats. After the hair had been removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed smooth. - Someone made parchment, another writing material that was widely used in ancient times from the skin of animal such as sheep and goats. After the hair had been removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed smooth.
10. Paper, the main writing material today, was invented by the Chinese. - The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today.  

EXERCISE 5: Change the following active sentences to passive sentences if possible (some of the verbs are intransitive and cannot be changed). Keep the same tense. Include the "by phrase" only if necessary.

1. People grow corn in low a. - Corn is grown  in low a.
2. Peter came here two months a go. (no change)
3. Someone made this antique table in 1734. - This antique table was made in 1734 by someone.
4. An accident happened at the corner of the street. - (no change)
5. Someone stole my purse. - My purse was stolen by someone.
6. Someone was making the coffe when I walked into the kitchen. - The coffe was being made by someone when I walked into the kitchen.
7. Translator have translated that book into many languages. -That book have been translated into many languages by translator.
8. Jim's daughter drew that picture. My son drew this picture. - That picture was drawn by Jim's daughter . This picture was drawn by my son.
9. The judges will judge the applicants on the basis of their originality. - The applicants will be judged by the judges on the basis of their originality.
10. My sister's plane will arrive at 10:35. (no change)
11. Is professor rivers teaching that course this semester? - Is that course being teached by professor Rivers this semester.
12. When did someone invent to radio? (no change)
13. The mail carrier had already delivered the mail by the time I left for school this morning.
14. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest? (no change)
15. After the concert was over, hundreds of fans mobbed the rock music star outside the theater. - After the concert was over, the rock music star was mobbed by hundreds of fans outside the theater.
16. Ever since I arrived here, I have been living in the dormitory because someone, told me that is was cheaper to live there than in a apartment. - Ever since I arrived here, I have been living in the dormitory because I was told by someone that is was cheaper to live there than in apartment. 
17. They are going to build the new hospital next year. The have already built the new elementary school. - The new hospital is going to be built by them. The new elementary school already have been built by them.
18. If you expose a film to light while you are developing it, you will ruin the negatives. - If the film is exposed to light while you are developing it, you will ruin the negatives

EXERCISE 6: Find the INDIRECT OBJECT in each sentence, and make it the focus of attention by using it as the subject of a passive sentence. Use the "by phrase" only in necessary.

1. Someone handed Ann a menu at the restaurant.
(indirect object - Ann) -Ann was handed a menu at the restaurant.
2. Indian University has a awarded peggy a scholarship.
(indirect object - Peggy) -Peggy has been awarded a scholarship by Indian University.
3. Some company paid fred three hundred dollars in consulting fees.
(indirect object - Fred) -Fred was paid three hundred dollars in consulting fees.
4. A local advertising company has offered Maria a good job.
(indirect object - Maria) -Maria has been offered a good job by local advertising company.
5. They will send you a bill at the end of the month.
(indirect object - You) -You will be sent a bill by them at the end of the month. 
6. Someone will give the starving people a week's supply of rice as soon as the food supplies arrive in the famine-stricken area.
(indirect object - The starving people) -The starving people will be given a week's supply of rice as soon as the food supplies arrive in the famine-stricken area.

EXERCISE 7 - ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Change active to passive.
Example: Someone built that house ten years a go.
Response: That house was built ten years a go.

1. Someone invited you to a party.
- You was invited by someone.
2. Someone wrote that book in 1987.
- That book was written in 1987 by someone.
3. (My brother) wrote that book in 1987.
- That book was written in 1987 by my brother.
4. People grow rice in many countries.
- Rice is grown in many countries by people.
5. The secretary is typing the letter.
- The letter is being typed by the secretary.
6. Someone is televising the game.
- The game is being televised by someone.
7. Teachers teach reading in the first grade.
- Reading is taught in the first grade by teachers
8. Someone has offered (my cousin) a good job.
- My cousin has been offered a good job by someone.
9. Someone told you to be here at ten.
- You was told by someone to be here at ten.
10. Someone published that book in 1985.
- That book was published by someone in 1985.
11. Someone has sent (Rina) an invitation to a wedding.
- Rina has been sent by someone an invitation to a wedding.
12. Someone made that hat in Mexico.
- That hat was made by someone in Mexico.
13. In the early 80s, Photographs of Mars (send) is sent back to earth by unmanned space probes. From these photographs scientist have been able to make detailed maps of the surface of Mars.
14. A network of lines (discover) is discivered on Mars astronomer (call) is called these lines "channels", but when the italian word (translate) is translated into English, it became "canals". As a result, some people thought the lines were waterways that (build) was built by some unknown living creatures. We now know that the lines are not really canals. Canals (exist, not) don't exist on Mars.

EXERCISE 8: Complete the sentences with the given words, active or passive.

1. James should tell the news as soon as possible.
(should + tell)
2. Someone should be told James the news immediately.
(should + tell)
3. James should have been told the news a long time a go.
(should + tell)
4. Meat must have been kept in a refrigerator or it will spoil.
(must + keep)
5. You must keep meat in a refrigerator or it will spoil.
(must + keep)
6. We tried, but the window couldn't be opened it was painted shut.
(couldn't + open)
7. I tried, but I can't open the window
(couldn't + open)
8. Good news! I might have offered a job soon. I had an interview at an engineering firm yesterday.
(may + offer)
9. Chris has good news. The engineering firm where she had an interview yesterday may offer her a job soon.
(may + offer)
10. I hope Chris accepts our job offer, but I know she's been having interviews with several companies. She already might have offered a job by a competing firm before we made our offer.
(may + already + offer) 
11. A competing firm already may offer Chris a job before we made our offer.
(may + already + offer)

Unit 6 (CONVERSATION IN GROUP)

Unit 7 (THE FAMILY AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT)

Translate of Unit 7

KELUARGA DAN PEMBANGUNAN 
KEPRIBADIAN

Keluarga tempat dimana Vicky dan Jason tumbuh dan berkembang adalah kemungkinan terbesar dalam pembentukan mereka.Dimana kelahiran mereka direncanakan dan dinanti?Berapa umur orangtua mereka?Bagaimana baiknya menghubungkan kepribadian orangtua dan anak?Apakah orangtua sehat?Apakah mereka kaya atau miskin?Berapa banyak anggota keluarga dirumah?Perjalanan berpengaruh juga disisi lain.Anak-anak juga memberi efek orangtuanya dengan jalan keluar yang tidak terjawab,menyalurkan suasana dari hati ke hati,prioritas dan rencana untuk masadepan dalam pernikahan itu sendiri.

Keluarga hidup diantara Vicky dan Jason ini sangat berbeda dari apa yang akan terjadi berabad lal,dan kehidupan keluarga seperti mengganti lebih untuk masa kedepan.Pertumbuhan seorang anak sekarang seperti hanya mempunya 1 saudara,dan ibunya bekerja diluar rumah dan seorang ayah lebih sulit dalam kehidupan anaknya daripada hidupnya sendiri dahulu.dan menerima kasih sayang dalam jumlah yang besar daripada yang tidak ada hubungan kekerabatan.Pertama dalam pengasuhan anak dirumah atau hari pusat kasih sayang dan lebih dari masa sebelum sekolah.Sekarang anak-anak mempunyai 40 persen kesempatan dalam menghabiskan bagian dari masa kecil hanya dengan orangtua tunggal kemungkinan sang ibu dan kemungkinan akibat perceraian.

Prinsip-prinsip revolusioner ini mempunyai perbedaan cara dalam pelajaran sosialisasi bagaimana anak-anak belajar memikirkan tingkahlaku peradaban yang tepat.Dimasa lampau,sebagian besar peneliti memfokuskan ke ibu dan anak-anak mereka,tetapi sekarang peneliti sedang belajar perbatasan antara anak-anak dan ayah,saudara laki-laki dan saudara perempuan mereka,kakek-nenek,dan pengaruh anak lainnya.

Di lain tren yang mengagumkan dalam riset adalah fokus dalam keseluruhan keluarga.Bagaimana Ellen dan Charles hubungan status pernikahan berefek pada hubungan bahwa antara suami-istri telah dimiliki oleh Vicky?Jess dan Julia berbeda dengan Jason ketika salah satunya sendiri dengannya yang menenukan hasil yang menghasut.Sebagai contoh,ketika orangtua dan orangtua berbicara satu sama lain,mereka membayar sedikit perhatian untuk anak mereka.Di beberapa keluarga kedekatan suami-istri satu sama lain,mereka membayar sedikit perhatian untuk anak mereka.Di beberapa keluarga kedekatan suami-istri satu sama lain mungkin mengurangi kemampuan mereka untuk lebih dekat dengan anak-anak mereka.Di lain keluarga pengalaman orangtua memperkuat hubungan perkawinan dengan melihat keluarga sebagai kesatuan.Kita mendapat gambaran keseluruhan dalam hubungan diantara anggota keluarga.




Verbs 
1. Grow up = Tumbuh.
2. Influence = Pengaruh.
3. Development = Pembagunan.
4. Plan = Merencanakan.
5. Welcome = Datang.
6. Travels = Perjalanan.
7. Works = Bekerja.
8. Study = Belajar.
9. Research = Meneliti.
10. Finding = Menemukan.
11. Talking = Berbicara.

Answer Exercise 1
1. Yes,any relationship between the family and personality development in that case the family is probably teh largest single influence but the sosial environment also influence personality development.

2. Family,and social enviroment factors.

3. The roles of parents for their children are being a mentor to their children and gives more considerable love,and caregiver.

4.Because both parents are parents and talking to each other,they pay less attention to their children.

Exercise 2
1. My Father is my mentor.
     Examples of how he guide me.
- He taught me how to resolve problems with friends for example.
  My grandfather has been like a mother.
2.My mother is my best friend.
   How she accompany me while I am feeling happiness and sadness.
3. My grandmother/grandfaher has been like a mother/father to me.
   How their subtitue parents functions.




Exercise 3
1) Personality 2) Sibling 3) Caregiver 4) Preschool 5) Childhood 6) Divorce 7) Attention 8) Spouse
9) Behaviour.

Exercise 4
1) Grow Up 2) Mesh 3) Parents 4) Wealthy 5) Marriage 6) Family 7) Culture 8) Researcher 9) Detract
10) Ability.

Exercise 5
1. John is Polly's husband Polly is John's wife.
2. Andrew is Joyce's brother Joyce is Andrew's sister.
3. Polly and John are Joyce's parents.Polly is her mother and John is hisFather.
4. Andrew and Joyce are John's children.Andrew is his son and Joyce isher daughter.


Exercise 6
Joe is Ann's husband.Alice and Lucy are Fred's sister.Harry is Lucy's and Fred's brother in law.Pat and Eric is Lucy's and Fred's nephew and niece.


Exercise 7
1. Kenny's is Dona's and Lola's  adopted child.
2. Kim and May are not suitable spouses.
3. John and Christine are busy parents.
4. Anamita is a great mother and keep her culture.
5. Claire and Bridget are good caregiver of Beth their child.
6. Ann is a not suitable spouse.
7. Jack is a single parent for Barry's his son.


Exercise 8
1. Grow-Grew-Grown.
2. Bite-Bit-Bitten.
3. Do-Did-Done.
4. Hang-Hung-Hung.
5. Rise-Rose-Risen.
6. Swim-Swam-Swum.
7. Wake-Woke-Woken.

Exercise 9
Examples : 1. Rice grows in warm climates.
                    2. His troubles grew out of his bad temper.

2. The dog bites her leg.
    Marry little a bit crazy.
    He has bitten his arm.
3. I do something for you.
    She did her homework last night.
    You have done.
4. Me and my friends hang out at mall in saturday night.
     Father hung a hanger in wardrobe.
   5. a rise in prices.
    The student all rose when the headmaster came in.
    The sun had risen from east.
6. I learnt to swim when I was a girl.
    He swam into the river.
    Mandy has swum into the swimming pool.
7. I don't wake him.
    She woke up me from my nightmare.
    The cock had woken early.

Exercise 10 
(ACROSS)                                               (DOWN)
1. already                                               a. Forgot.
2. Dancing                                              b. Closed.
3. Injured                                                c. Drunk
4. The author.                                         d. Stopped.
5. Hurriedly.                                            f. Read
6. Attack                                                g. Sleep
7. Won.                                                  h. Rise
8. Bought                                                i. Feel.
9. Vacation                                             j. Bit.
10. Command

Exercise 11
1. I would like to live alone one month.
2. I would rather have more brothers and sisters.
3. I would like to have a children,only two children.
4. I would rather live in the some town with my small family.
5. I would rather spend more time with my family than being a career woman.

Unit 3 (THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES)